Reading Passages on Carry a Heavy Load Simple Machines

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Lesson v shopping for food

INTRODUCTORY READING AND TALK

Buying foodstuffs in a modern supermarket can be considered a sort of art. Information technology is the art of combating a temptation.

Supermarkets play a dirty trick on the customers: practically every shopper is tempted to purchase things he or she does not demand or cannot afford.

The machinery of this lamentable deceit is unproblematic. Firstly, supermarkets are laid out to make a person laissez passer as many shelves and counters as possible. Only the hardest of souls can laissez passer loaded racks indifferently and non collect all sorts of food from them.

Secondly, more and more supermarkets supply customers with trolleys instead of wire baskets: their bigger volume needs more purchases. One picks upward a small item, say, a pack of spaghetti, puts it into a huge trolley and is immediately ashamed of its loneliness. He or she starts adding more.

Thirdly, all products are nicely displayed on the racks and all of themlook fresh in their transparent wrappings with marked prices. A normal person cannot ignore attractively packed appurtenances. And and so one cannot but feel an impulse to buy. And, finally, supermarkets don't forget virtually those who look for bargains. The and so-called "bargain bins" filled with special offers wait for their victims. No one can tell for certain if the prices are really reduced, but it is so prissy to avowal later that you take a very good eye for a bargain.

So when a uncomplicated-hearted customer approaches a check-out, his or her trolley is piled high. Looking at a cashier, running her pen over barcodes, he or she starts getting nervous while the cash annals is adding upwardly the prices. And, getting a receipt, he or she gives a sigh of relief if the indicated sum does not exceed the cash he or she has.

Of course, 1 can give a piece of advice to the elementary-hearted: compile a shopping list and buy merely pre-planned goods. Simply is information technology worth losing that corking awareness of buying? I can actually wonder.

A lot of people adopt to practise their shopping in small shops. The daily shopping route of some housewives includes visits to the baker'south, butcher's, grocer's, greengrocer'southward, fishmonger's and a dairy shop. In the end of the route their bags are full of loaves of staff of life, meat cuts, packs with cereals, fruit, vegetables, fish and dairy products. Just very strong women tin call in at the tobacconist'due south afterwards all that.

The caption for this housewives' craze is very simple. In every shop their buys are weighed, wrapped up, their coin taken and the change given back. Meanwhile they tin can accept a chat with salesgirls and shop-assistants about their weak hearts and cleaved hopes.

So, friends, get shopping equally oft as yous tin. Considering the simple truth is: a visit to a good shop is worth ii visits to a good doctor.

ane. Fancy that yous take a little child to a supermarket for the first time. Explain to him what you run into around and what 1 should do.

ii. Describe a) the supermarket closest to your cake of flats;

b) your favourite supermarket.

iii. Say how you buy goods in an ordinary store and in a supermarket.

four. Say what one tin purchase in the shops mentioned in the text (bakery's, butcher's, etc.)

○ TEXT

Shopping for I

(A story by Anne Cassidy. Abridged)

Supermarkets are much the same the globe over � specially the queues at cheque-out points. What extraordinary things other people are buying! In that location are odd snatches of overheard conversation too. Merely what if one is living alone, 'Shopping for 1'?

'So what did you say?' Jean heard the blonde adult female in front of her talking to her friend.

'Well,' the darker woman began, 'I said I'one thousand not having that woman in that location. I don't see why I should. I mean I'm not existence former-fashioned but I don't come across why I should have to put up with her at family unit occasions.1 After all...'

Jean noticed the other woman giving an accompaniment of nods and headshaking at the appropriate parts.2 They fell into silence and the queue moved forward a couple of steps.

Jean felt her patience first to itch.iii Looking into her wire handbasket she counted ten items. That meant she couldn't go through the quick till4 just but had to wait backside elephantine shopping loads; giant bottles of coke crammed in beside xx-pound bags of potatoes and 'special offer' drums of bleach. Somewhere at the lesser, Jean idea, there was always a plastic carton of eggs or a encounter-through tray of tomatoes which fell prey to the residuum.5 At that place was nothing else for it � she'd just accept to expect.

'Afterwards all,' the dark adult female resumed her conversation, 'how would it look if she was at that place when I turned upwards?'6 Her friend shook her head slowly from side to side and ended with a quick nod.

Should she have got such a small-scale size salad cream? Jean wasn't sure. She was sick of throwing away half-used bottles of stuff.

'He came back to you after all,' the blonde woman all of a sudden said. Jean looked up quickly and immediately felt her cheeks flush. She bent over and began to rearrange the items in her shopping basket.

'On his hands and knees,' the dark adult female spoke in a triumphant vocalism. 'Begged me take him back.'

She gritted her teeth together. Should she go and change it for a larger size? Jean looked backside and saw that she was hemmed in by three large trollies. She'd lose her identify in the queue. At that place was something then sorry about buying pocket-sized sizes of everything. Information technology was equally though everyone knew.

'Y'all can always tell a person past their shopping,'7 was one of her mother's favourite maxims. She looked into her shopping handbasket: individual fruit pies, minor salad cream, yoghurt, tomatoes, true cat nutrient and a chicken quarter.

The cashier suddenly said, 'Brand information technology out to J. Sainsbury PLC.' She was addressing a man who had been poised and waiting to write out a cheque for a few moments. His married woman was loading what looked like a gross offish fingers8 into a paper-thin box marked "Whiskas". It was called a partition of labour.

Jean looked again at her basket and began to experience the familiar feeling of regret that visited her from fourth dimension to fourth dimension. Hemmed in between family-size cartons of cornflakes and giant packets of washing-powder, her individual yoghurt seemed to say it all.ix She looked upwards towards a plastic bookstand which stood abreast the till. A slim glossy hardback defenseless her middle. The words Cooking for One screamed out from the front embrace. Think of all the oriental foods y'all can get into,10 her friend had said. He was so traditional later all. Nodding in agreement with her thoughts Jean plant herself eye to eye with the blonde adult female, who gave her a bare, hard look and handed her what looked similar a blackness plastic ruler with the words "Adjacent customer please" printed on it in bold letters. She turned back to her friend. Jean put the ruler down on the conveyor belt.11

She thought near their shopping trips, before, when they were together. All that rushing round, he pushing the trolley dejectedly, she firing questions at him. Salmon? Toilet rolls? Coffee? Peas? She remembered he merely liked the processed kind.12 Information technology was all such a performance. Standing in that location holding her wire basket, embarrassed past its very emptiness, was similar something out of a soap opera.

'Of course, we've had our ups and downs,13' the dark adult female continued, lazily passing a few items downwardly to her friend.

Jean began to load her food on to the conveyor belt. She picked up the cookery book and felt the frustrations of indecision. It was but 90 pence merely it seemed to define everything, to pinpoint her aloneness, to prescribe an empty future. She put it dorsum in its place.

'So that's why I couldn't have her there you see,' the dark woman was summing up. The friends exchanged knowing expressions and the blonde woman got her purse out of a neat leather purse. She peeled off 3 x pound notes and handed them to the cashier.

Jean opened her carrier handbag ready for her shopping. She turned to watch the two women as they walked off, the blonde pushing the trolley and the other seemingly carrying on with her story.

The cashier was looking expectantly at her and Jean realized that she had totalled up. Information technology was four pounds and lxxx-vii pence. She had the right money, it just meant sorting her modify out. She had an inclination that the people backside her were condign impatient. She noticed their stack of items all lined and waiting, information technology seemed, for starters orders.14 Brown breadstuff and peppers, olive oil and, in the center, a packet of beefburgers.

She gave over her money and picked up her carrier bag. She felt a sense of relief to exist abroad from the mass of people. She felt out of place.15

Walking out of the door she wondered what she might have for tea. Possibly chicken, she thought, with salad. Walking towards her car she idea that she should have bought the cookery book later all. She suddenly felt much better in the fresh air. She'd purchase it next calendar week. And in time to come she'd buy a large salad cream. Later all, what if people came round unexpectedly?

Proper Names

Anne Cassidy ['{n 'k{sIdI] � ��� �������

Jean [³i:due north] � ����

J. Sainsbury PLC ['³eI 'seInsb@rI 'pi: 'el 'si:] � �������� ���� ��������� (����.: PLC � Privately Licensed Company � ������� ��������������� ��������)

Whiskas ['wIsk@s] � ������ (����.: ���� ��� �����)

Vocabulary Notes

1. ... why I should have to put upwardly with her at family occasions. � ... � ����� ����� � ������ �������� � � ������������ �� �������� ����������.

2. ... giving an accompaniment of nods and headshaking at the appropriate parts. � ... � ���� ������ �� ������, �� ������ �������.

3. Jean felt her patience beginning to itch. � ���� �����������, ��� � �������� �������������.

4. ... the quick till ... � ... �����-�������� ...

v. ... a run into-through tray of tomatoes which fell casualty to the balance. � ... ���������� ����� � ����������, ������������ ������� ���������.

6. ... when I turned upward? ... ����� � �� ����� ������?

seven. You lot tin always tell a person past their shopping. � ������ ����� ����������, ��� �� ������� ����� �����, �� ��� ��������.

viii. ... a gross of fish fingers ... � ... ������� ������� ������ ������� ...

9. ... her private yoghurt seemed to say information technology all. � ... ��������, ��� � ������������ �������� ������� ������� ���� �� ����.

10. Think of all the oriental foods you lot can go into ... � ��� ���������, ����� ������ �� ������ ��������� ��������� ...

11. Jean put the ruler downwards on the conveyor belt. � ���� �������� ������� �� ��������. (����.: � �������� ������������� ��� �������� ������� ��������� ����������� ��������� �������� �� �������� ������������. ��� ����, ����� ������ ������, ��� �������, ���������� ������ ����������� ������� ������ ����� ����� ������ � ������ ���������.)

12. ... processed kind. � ... ����������������.

thirteen. Of form, we've had our ups and downs ... � �������, � ��� ������ �� �����, �� ���� ...

14. ... for starters orders. � ... �������� ���������.

xv. She felt out of place. � �� ���� �� �� ����.

Phonetic Text Drills

○ Do 1

Transcribe and pronounce correctly the words from the text.

Queue, boggling, accessory, appropriate, couple, to crawling, wire, elephantine, giant, carton, casualty, stuff, rearrange, triumphant, trolley, proverb, yoghurt, quarter, cashier, to poise, cheque, gross, oriental, conveyor, dejectedly, salmon, processed, bag, leather, to total.

○ Practice 2

Pronounce the words and phrases where the post-obit clusters occur.

1. Plosive + 1

Couple, just, plastic, immediately, what looked, glossy, blank, difficult look, dejectedly, expectantly, possibly.

2. Plosive + west

Blonde adult female, that woman, put upwardly with her, quick, twenty, nighttime adult female, concluded with a quick nod, between, agreement with her thoughts, questions, and waiting.

○ Exercise 3

Pronounce after the journalist. Say what kind of false assimilation 1 should avoid in the following cases.

1. Of her, of steps, of tomatoes, of throwing, of stuff, of course, we've had, of people, out of place.

two. Was there, size salad, was sick, was something, as though, was so, with salad.

3. Noticed the-other, at the lesser, put the ruler, most their shopping, liked the candy kind, felt the frustration, that the people, noticed their stack, bought the volume.

○ Exercise iv

Consult the dictionary and put stresses in the following chemical compound nouns.

Half-used, cardboard, xx-pound, family-size, cornflakes, washing-pulverisation, hardback, pinpoint, eighty-seven, beefburgers.

○ Exercise 5

I. Intone the following general questions.

'Should she take 'got such a ↑small 'size 'salad /cream? ||

'Should she 'become and 'modify it for a 'larger /size? ||

II. Explain why the post-obit special question is pronounced with a rising intonation.

So 'what did yous /say?

��������������� Comprehension Check

1.������������ Whom did Jean hear talking in the queue?

2.������������ Why was Jean'south patience showtime to itch?

iii.������������ Why couldn't Jean get through the quick till?

four.������������ When did Jean brainstorm to rearrange the items in her shopping basket?

v.������������ Was Jean the final in the queue or not?

6.������������ What did Jean see in her own shopping basket?

7.������������ Whom did the cashier suddenly address?

8.������������ What caught Jean's eye of a sudden? Why?

9.������������ What did Jean remember nearly the shopping trips with her friend?

10. Why did Jean put the volume back in its place?

11. How much did the blonde woman pay?

12. Did Jean meet the two women leave the shop or non?

13. How much did Jean pay?

fourteen. Why did Jean think that people behind her were condign impatient?

15. What did Jean feel later on she had left the supermarket?

16.What did Jean think about while she was going towards her car?

17. What did she suddenly decide?

EXERCISES

Exercise 1

I. Find in the text words or phrases like in pregnant to the post-obit.

A cash desk, a buy, coca-cola, a plastic bag, big size cartons, to calculate, goods, a heap, half-empty.

Two. Give your own words or expressions similar in meaning to the ones from the text.

To pinpoint, to burn questions, to rearrange, to give a blank look, to take hold of i'due south center, a snatch of conversation, to flush, to grit one'southward teeth together, to beg.

Practise 2

Below see the list of the words from the text. Recall of words contrary in meaning to them.

extraordinary ��������������������������������������� oriental

appropriate ������������������������������������������ traditional

triumphant ������������������������������������������� empty

familiar ��������������������������������� to push

individual �������������������������������������������� indecision

impatient ���������������������������������������������� to purchase

Exercise 3

The author herself uses synonymous words and expressions in the text. Say how otherwise the writer puts the following.

to count � ������������������������������������������ to go on �

to requite over money � ������ small salad cream�

elephantine � �������������������� write out a check �

wire basket � ��������������������� cram in �

Exercise 4

When postpositions are added to verbs, the meanings of the latter can utterly change. Choose the right one from the 2 given in brackets. Explicate the difference in meanings.

one. (put; put up)

a) The dark woman ... all the stuff into her carrier bag.

b) Jean thought that she had to ... with a loss of time.

two. (turn; turn up)

a) Jean ... her head and saw a queue behind her.

b) Jean remembered the time when he all of a sudden ... and they went on their shopping trips.

3. (pick; pick up)

a) The customers ... appurtenances from the racks while walking along the aisles.

b) Concluding summer there were a lot of blueberries in the forest. We often went at that place to ... them.

4. (brand; make out)

a) The admirer at the till asked the cashier to ... a neb for him.

b) Jean thought that she would ... a salad in the evening, probably with chicken.

5. (write; write out)

a) When Jean and he were together they sometimes ... letters to each other.

b) He always paid in cash and never ... cheques.

six. (carry; comport on)

a) A lot of women never ... heavy numberless, equally they think information technology to be not courtly.

b) The people in the queue were interested in the end of the story and she ... with it.

7. (laissez passer; laissez passer downwardly)

a) The adult female at the till... the paper-thin box to her husband and they both left.

b) Jean ... the rack with family-size cartons of cornflakes indifferently.

8. (come; come round)

a) Parting with her friend Jean tried to seem careless and said casually, '... some time'.

b) '...to see me', the blonde woman said to her friend.

9. (cram; cram in)

a) Though the box was already total the adult female managed to ... the last pack offish fingers amid the remainder.

b) The supermarket was ... with customers on that day.

10. (walk, walk off)

a) Jean never ... to the supermarket equally the way was far too long; she went there past car.

b) Slowly Jean ... from the supermarket deep in her thoughts.

Practice 5

Find the English equivalents to the following words or expressions.

A.

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�.

�������� � ����-���� ������������; �������� ���������; ���������; �� ��� (�������); ������ �������; � ����� ������; ����� ����; ������� ���������; ���������� �����; ����� �� �������; ��������� �� �����; ������� �����; ������ �� �����, �� ����; ���������� �������; �������� ���������; ������������� ����������; �� ���� �� �� ����; ������������� ���� ������� ����� �� ������ �������; � �������.

Exercise 6

I. Pick out from the text the terms used to denote:

a) objects we employ to put our purchases in,

b) amounts or quantities of some stuff,

c) certain details of the interior in a supermarket,

d) names of foodstuffs and drinks.

II. Make up a list of products which Jean saw

a) in her own wire basket,

b) in other people's baskets or trollies.

III. Find and read aloud sentences saying

a) what Jean thought of herself and her purchases,

b) what Jean thought of other people and their purchases.

Do vii

Observe in the text sentences containing the words given below. Consult the dictionary to selection out all their meanings. Illustrate these meanings with your own examples.

wire������ stuff�������� cover����� belt����� beg

item������ quarter���� bold������� roll����� change

Practice 8

Complete the statements past choosing the reply which y'all think fits best.

1. Mother never buys goods displayed on the racks with the notice "... offering".

A. specific����� ������ B. special����� �������� C. particular

2. The customers are asked to load their purchases on to the conveyor ....

A. strap������� ��������� B. line�������� ����������� C. belt

3. It is a lot more convenient to push a ... than to carry a wire basket in a supermarket.

A. trolley������ ������� B. roller������ ���������� C. van

4. While shopping my brother always tries to go through a ... till, as he hates queues.

A. swift������� ��������� B. fast�������� ����������� C. quick

v. Housewives prefer to buy ... packets of stuff, as it is a little bit cheaper.

A. gross-size��� B. family-size� C. block-size

half-dozen. Sometimes the queues at... points are then long that the idea of leaving the supermarket without buying anything may await bonny.

A. bank check-out�� ����� B. check-in��� ������� C. check-up

7. Customers are not allowed to put things in their own numberless in supermarkets; they are suposed to utilise ....

A. atomic number 26 baskets B. shop baskets C. wire baskets

viii. A lot of people adopt to ... a bank check than to pay in cash.

A. write out���� B. write in���� �������������� C. write up

9. Salesgirls usually put all goods bought in a supermarket into ... for the customers' convenience.

A. merchandise numberless��� B. carrier numberless C. supermarket numberless

10. 'Hither'south your ... from a x-pound note', said the cashier giving me 3 pounds.

A. exchange��� B. change����� C. bill

Exercise ix

Work in pairs. Talk over with your partner some interesting shopping experience. Use at least five expressions from the list below.

To fall into silence, to be sure, to be ill of throwing away something, to experience i's cheeks affluent, on 1's hands and knees, to dust one's teeth together, to look behind, a favourite maxim, from time to fourth dimension, to scream out from the front cover, foods one can get into, after all, eye to eye, to give a bare await, to hand somebody something, assuming letters, to burn down questions, a soap opera, ups and downs, to sum upward, to carry on with the story, to have the right money, a sense of relief, to be abroad from, to experience out of place, to feel better in the fresh air, to come up round unexpectedly, to torn up, to catch one'due south eye.

Practice ten

Make full in the gaps with the prepositions from the listing: into, through, of, together, for, by, beside, in, on to.

1. The girl thought that glass bottles of milk would exist too heavy to carry and inverse them ... plastic packets.

2. One can tell a good customer ... the manner he or she chooses goods.

three. The lady screamed and all people in the hall immediately barbarous ... silence.

iv. The guard from the security service helped the lady to go out of the store and she felt better ... the fresh air.

five. Anyone can go sick... the long queues at check-out points.

half-dozen. The customers are asked to put the stuff...... the conveyor belt.

seven. If i has got not more than three items, he or she can get ... a quick till.

8. When the queue is likewise long one can do nothing only dust his or her teeth ... and expect dutifully.

nine. The nigh annoying thing about shopping is standing ... the till and watching how slowly people pay.

Exercise xi

Express the same idea using different diction and grammer.

one.������������ Jean noticed the other adult female giving an accompaniment of nods and headshaking at the appropriate parts.

ii.������������ Jean felt her patience kickoff to itch.

3.������������ At that place was nothing else for it � she'd just have to wait.

4.������������ She was sick of throwing away half-used bottles.

five.������������ Jean looked behind and saw that she was hemmed in by ����������� three large trollies.

6.������������ She was addressing a homo who had been poised and waiting to write out a bank check for a few moments.

7.������������ Jean looked once again at her basket and began to feel the familiar feeling of regret that visited her from fourth dimension to time.

eight.������������ Nodding in agreement with her thoughts Jean found herself eye to center with the blonde woman.

9. She picked upwards the cookery book and felt the frustration of indecision.

x. She peeled off iii ten pound notes and handed them to the cashier.

11. She had the right money, information technology only meant sorting her change out.

12. She had an inclination that the people behind her were condign impatient.

thirteen. She noticed their stack of items all lined and waiting, it seemed, for starters orders.

14. She felt a sense of relief to be away from the mass of people.

Exercise 12

Find the bit starting with the post-obit words and explain why Jean was feeling that fashion

'Jean looked up quickly and ...'

'She gritted her teeth together ...'

'Jean looked over again at her basket and began to feel ...'

'It was all such a performance.'

'She suddenly felt much better in the fresh air.'

Practise 13

Speak about Jean's visit to the supermarket:

one. in the third person;

2. in the person of Jean herself;

3. in the person of the blonde adult female;

4. in the person of the cashier.

Practice xiv

Give-and-take points.

1. What can you lot say about Jean as a person? Endeavor to derive information from the minor details of her behaviour.

2. Was parting with her friend a shocking experience for Jean or not?

3. What can you say about the two women?

4. Do you concur that one tin can always tell a person by their shopping?

v. Why does the story end with a question? What does it mean?

Exercise 15

I. Imagine that your mother gives you lot a shopping list, which yous come across beneath. Think in what shops you tin buy these things and put the names of items in the graphs of the nautical chart.

a loaf of brown breadstuff ���������������������������������������� 1 kg of pork

1 large cod ����������������������������������������������������������� a canteen of vinegar

ane kg of pork ��������������������������������������������������������� 2 medium-sized herrings

3 lemons �������������������������������������������������������������� a tin of sardines in oil

0.3 kg of ham ������������������������������������������������������� 2 kg of potatoes

1 minor cabbage ���������������������������������� a large chicken

a tin of condensed milk ��������������������� biscuits

a bunch of radishes ������������������������������������������� a bag ofnour

a drum of margarine ������������������������������������������� a 0.five kg pack of sour cream

0.five kg of cheese����������������������������������� 0.2 kg of butter

dairy store

butcher's

baker'south

fishmonger's

grocer's

greengrocer'southward

II. Sum up what you lot accept written and say what and where yous can buy.

► Pattern: I tin buy ... at the bakery'south.

Exercise 16

I. Match the phrases in the left column with the words in the right column.

1.������������ a bottle of����������������������������� A. jam

two.������������ a packet of���������������������������� B. parsley

3.������������ a dmm of������������������������������� C. toothpaste

four.������������ a cake of������������������������������� D. cleanser

v.������������ a carton of���������������������������� E. juice

6.������������ a jar of������������������� F. chocolates

seven.������������ a tin of������������������� Thousand. eggs

eight.������������ a tube of������������������������������� H. beloved

9.������������ a bunch of���������������������������� I. sugar

10. a box of��������������������������� J. soap

xi. a tub of��������������������������� K. lunch meat

Two. Think and say what else can be sold in cartons, bunches, etc.

Exercise 17

I. Look through the list of products and say which of them are sold in Russia:

i) by the kilo,

2) past quantity,

3) past tens.

Fish, carrots, kiwi, meat, eggs, pineapples, sausages, rye bread, oranges.

II. Look through the list of products and say which of them are soldin Neat Britain:

1) by lbs*

two) past quantity

3) by dozens.

* lb � abbreviation from the Latin word "libra" � �����, in speech it is pronounced "pound". E.g. three lbs � three pounds.

Cheese, lemons, grapes, white breadstuff, ham, mangoes, eggs, potatoes, chickens.

III. Say which products from the list below are priced:

1) per kilo,

2) per each.

Onions, tomatoes, wheat bread, tinned meat, cabbages, mangoes, buns, chops, apples, cucumbers.

Exercise 18

Exclude from the lists below products which cannot exist sold as preprepared, frozen, dried, tinned.

pre-prepared

frozen

stale

tinned

garlics

steaks

fish fillet potatoes tomatoes

cherries onions turkey

staff of life spaghetti

bananas fish

meat

ham

plums

flour

pork peaches lettuce

tuna

Practice 19

Read the text and reconstruct the family situation. Tell the story to your classmates.

Exercise 20

I. Say what and how much yous should buy if you are going to brand:

1) Russian beet and cabbage soup � borsch;

2) Salad which they telephone call in Russia "Olivier salad";

3) An apple pie.

► Blueprint: If I am going to make ... I will buy ....

II. Say what and how much you lot buy to cook your favourite dish.

3. Gauge what a housewife was going to cook if her shopping list included:

ane. ii lbs beefiness; i lb pork; white bread; eggs; 1/2 lb onions, 1 canteen milk.

2. 2 lbs wheat flour; one/two doz eggs; 2 bottles milk; ane pack yeast;

1/2 Ib sugar.

3. ane/two lb rice; one lb smoked fish; 1 lb onions; 1/2 dbz eggs; 1 jar mayonnaise.

4. iv lbs lamb; 2 lbs tomatoes; 2 lbs onions; 1 bottle dry white wine; 1 pack pepper.

5. 2 lbs pork; 1 bag potatoes; 1 lb carrots; i caput cabbage; 1/ii lbs onions; 1 bunch celery; 1 agglomeration parsley; 1 pack laurel leaves.

�►Design: The housewife was going to cook ... if she bought....

Exercise 21

Standing in a queue at the bank check-out is a ho-hum business. Some people invent games to make the time pass quicker. One of them comes to guessing what people's lifestyles are likely to be judging by the contents of their shopping baskets.

I. Read the post-obit passages and try to say something well-nigh people's families, homes, lifestyles.

Body language can tell a stranger a lot about 1's personality, then can the fruits of i's shopping trek.

Yesterday I observed a cute immature lady. While her piffling daughter begged unsuccessfully for a bun, she was carefully choosing a shampoo, hair conditioner and bath perfume. Then she picked up a couple of cinema magazines and went to the check-out.

I looked downward into her trolley and shuddered: 3 gallons of milk, 3 loaves of bread, iv chickens, a mountain of baby-food jars, cakes and pies.

I specially similar to find male shoppers. I don't mean househusbands dutifiilly checking items off a list. I adopt a gourmet who knows the real taste of things: imported cheeses, exotic spices, a whole leg of lamb, early on asparagus.

I felt hostility flowing from the woman standing behind me in the supermarket check-out queue. Had I cut in forepart of her? She was glaring into my basket. I quickly surveyed my selections to see what could exist generating such hostility. Permit'south see: two bottles of champagne, a lovely avocado, a pound of shrimp, and a quart of purified water.

2. Fancy what one tin meet in a shopping handbasket of:

one) a proficient housewife;

two) a divorced man;

3)������������ a woman on a diet;

4)������������ a hearty eater;

5)������������ someone expecting guests.

III. Think of other games you tin play in your caput to brand the fourth dimension pass when yous are waiting in a queue.

Practise 22

I. Read and interpret the post-obit dialogues. Reproduce them.

○ Dialogue ane

At the Grocery store

Grocer: Hello, Ann, how are you doing today?

Ann:���� Fine, cheers. How are you?

Grocer: I am okay, thank y'all. What tin can I get for yous, Ann?

Ann:��� I 'd like half a pound of butter, a pound jar of strawberry jam, a large canteen of vinegar and a can of sardines.

Grocer: Will that be all?

Ann:��� No, I'd likewise like a small-sized bundle of mushroom soup and a slice of smoked bacon. Grocer Volition this do? It'southward all we accept at the moment, I'mafraid.

Ann:���� No, it's much also fat. I wanted it leaner. I think I'd amend have some ham instead. How much is information technology?

Grocer: Eighty pence a pound.

Ann:��� Good. One-half a pound, please. That'll be all. How much does it come to?

Grocer: V pounds 30 7 pence, please.

Ann:��� Right. Hither is half-dozen pounds.

Grocer: And here is your alter.

Ann:��� Thanks.

Grocer: Good-good day, Ann. Thanks. Come tomorrow, we'll accept a new stock.

○ Dialogue ii

��������������� At the Butcher's

Shop assistant:���� Can I assist y'all, madam?

Mrs. Gi1bert:�������� I'd like a leg of lamb. Do you lot sell information technology?

Shop assistant:���� Yes, we do, merely I'm agape nosotros've sold out at the moment. If you'd care to call in tomorrow.

Mrs. Gi1bert:�������� Thank you, I won't bother! I'll buy some pork instead.

Shop banana:���� Oh, aye. We've got excellent pick today. What part would y'all similar to get � shoulder, leg or some other?

Mrs. Gilbert:��������� This bit of shoulder is fine with me.

Shop assistant:���� Okay. It weighs 4 pounds.

Mrs.Gilbert:���������� I'll also accept a craven.

Shop banana:���� Boiling or frying?

Mrs. Gilbert:��������� Boiling, please.

Shop assistant:���� Will this do?

Mrs. Gilbert:��������� Overnice. That will be all. How much is it?

Shop assistant:���� Three pounds 20 pence.

Mrs.Gilbert:�� Here you are.

Store assistant: Your change, madam. Thanks. Accept a nice solar day.

○ Dialogue 3

At the Greengrocer's

Greengrocer:�������� Good morning, Mrs. Daisy. How are you this morning?

Mrs. Daisy:���������� Fine, thank you. And how are you lot?

Greengrocer:�������� I'chiliad having a little trouble. Some of my supplies aren't here yet. So I don't take tomatoes and peppers.

Mrs. Daisy:��� Oh, that's a shame. Volition you have some later?

Greengrocer:� Oh, yes, they volition exist delivered in the afternoon. I'll relieve them for you.

Mrs. Daisy:��� Thanks. Information technology's very kind of you lot. And now I'll have a bag of potatoes, a couple of beets and some carrots.

Greengrocer: All right. Notice the fruit we've got today. The peaches are very skilful.

Mrs. Daisy:��� The peaches do look adept. What do they toll? Greengrocer: Peaches are quite cheap this time of the twelvemonth. Xxx pence a pound.

Mrs.Daisy:���� That'south a real deal. I'll take three pounds.

Greengrocer: Okay. Now, what else?

Mrs. Daisy:��� Well, that's all for today. How much do I owe you?

Greengrocer: That's four pounds seventy five pence. Here's your change from your v pound note � twenty five pence.

Mrs. Daisy:��� Thanks. Good-bye.

Greengrocer: Good-bye, Mrs. Daisy. Thanks a lot.

II. Pick out from the three dialogues sentences, which denote the store administration'

a) greeting their customers,

b) offering goods,

c) telling the price of appurtenances.

Three. Pick out from the three dialogues sentences, which denote the customer's

a) greeting shop assistants,

b) telling what they need,

c) asking virtually the price.

4. Brand up your own dialogues and enact them in course.

Exercise 23

Translate into English.

1. �������� �������� � ������������ ����� ������: ��� ������� ����� ������� ������������.

2. ������������ ��������� ����� �������, ����� ���������� ��������� ���� �������� ���������� ����� � ������ ������� ����������� ���������.

three. � ������������� �������������� ���� �� ������ ����������� ����� ��������� �, ��� �������, � ����� ����� ����� 99.

4. ����� � ����� ����� ���� ��� ��������: ������, ��������, �������, ������, � ����� ������� � ��������.

5. � ������� �� ��������� ������ ���������, ����� ��������� ���� � �������, �� ������ ��������, � ����� �������� � �����.

6. ����� �� � �������� �������� � �����������, � ���� �������, � ��� � �������. � ��� ������ �����: � ������� ������ ��, ��� ��� �����; � ��� � ��, ��� ������� ���������.

7. ����������� �������� ������� ���������������� ���������������� � ������������, ���� ����� ������ ������.

eight. � ������� �� ���� ����� � ������� ������, � �������� �����, ���� ����������� ��������� ����������.

9. ����� �� �������� �������� �� ��������� ����: ��� ����� ���� ����������.

10. ��� ����� � ������ ��������. �� ������ �������� ���� � �� ��: ������� �����, ������� ���, ���� ����������� ��������� � ���� ����� ������ ���������.

xi. ����� ���� ������, � ������� ���-������ ��������� � ������� ����� ����, ������, ����� �����, ������� �������, ������� ���������� ������, ����� ���������� ���������. ����� ��������� ���.

12. ������ ����� � �� ����� ������ � �������, ������� �������� ������ ����� ��������-�����.

xiii. ��� ���� � �����, ��� ����� ���������, ��� ������ ������ ������, � ����� ����� � �������� � ��������� ����������.

14. ������ ������ �� �������� ��������� � ��������� �� ���, ��� ���������� ���������� �������� �� ����� ���������.

15. ������� ��������� ����� ��������, ������ ��� � ���� ���� ����� �������.

Exercise 24

In five minutes write what yous purchase oftentimes and seldom. Compare what you have written with the lists of other students. Talk over the results and attempt to classify your classmates by putting them in certain categories of shoppers. You tin give the names to these categories yourselves.

► Patterns: 1) I frequently buy bread, ...���� I seldom buy caviar, ... 2) In my opinion, Kate is a careless shopper, because ...

Exercise 25

Work in groups. Each group should make up a listing of products which people usually buy at the age of ten. 15, xxx, fifty, 70. Compare your lists and discuss them agreeing, adding details or criticizing.

► Use:

I completely agree that.. ���� I'one thousand not sure that...

In that location is no doubt that... ��� I actually incertitude that...

I also have the idea that ���� I utterly disagree that

Who would argue that... ��� I don't think that...

Practice 26

Hash out the following points in class.

i. What is preferable for you � to buy food in a big supermarket or in small-scale shops? Why?

2. Where are the all-time shops for food in your city or town?

3. Speak about foodstuffs sold in your shops. Say whether they are shipped in or grown locally; say which are expensive and inexpensive; say what foodstuffs which you might have seen in the shops abroad are not sold in this country.

4. Practise they sell foodstuffs under the counter nowadays? What kind of appurtenances can those be?

5. Do you pay attention to the make proper name when you lot buy nutrient? If not, how do you make your choice?

vi. What is your personal style of shopping for food? Do you lot buy at once or practise yous have your time to expect around for lower prices?

7. How often do you purchase very expensive foodstuffs? What kind of products are those? When does information technology happen?

Practise 27

Match the English language idioms in the left columnn with their Russian equivalents in the right column.

one.������������ to put a hole in one'due south purse�������������������� �. ����� �����

2.������������ to go to pot�������������������������������������������������������������������������� �. ����� � ���

iii.������������ to get for a song��������������������������������������������������� �. �� �� ����� ������

iv.������������ at all costs���������������������������������������������������������������������������� D. �������� � ��������

5.������������ to jack upwardly the cost������������������������������������������������������������� �. �������� � �����

6.������������ to flood the market place�������������������������������������������������������������� F. ����� �� ��������

7.������������ to feather 1's nest������������������������������������������� G. ���� �� �� �������

8.������������ non for dear or coin����������������������������������������� �. ������� ����������

ix.������������ to cost a pretty penny���������������������������������������� I. ������� ����

ten. to pay through the nose���������������������������������������������� J. ��������� �����

11. to get something off ane's hands������������������������������� �. ������ ����

Exercise 28

Highlight the meanings of the English proverbs and make up situations to illustrate them.

1. Forbidden fruit is sweet.

two. Tastes differ.

3. Honey is sugariness merely the bee stings.

iv. Have it or leave it.

Do 29

Translate the following quotations into Russian and comment upon them.

'The public buys its opinions as it buys its meat, or takes in its milk, on the principle that it is cheaper to do this than keep a cow. And then information technology is, merely the milk is more probable to be watered.'

Samuel Butler

'Creditors have better memories than debtors.'

Benjamin Franklin

'Necessity never fabricated a practiced bargain.'

Benjamin Franklin

'England is a nation of shopkeepers.'

Napoleon I

'If a continental greengrocer asks 14 schillings (or crowns, or franks..., or whatever you like) for a bunch of radishes, and his client offers 2, and finally they strike a bargain agreeing on 6 schillings, francs, roubles, etc., this is just the low continental habit of bargaining.'

George Mikes

Exercise 30

Role Play "Organising a Party".

Setting:� ��i) A university refectory, where the students distribute duties to make purchases.

2) A supermarket.

Situation: Y'all decide to gloat some vacation or just organise a political party at someone's home. Anybody will have to bring something for the table and later yous'll cook together. Enact buying things in a shop. Elaborate the situation yourselves. Fancy that you've left money at abode or there are no goods you demand on sale or you forget something at the last instant.

Characters:

Menu I����� � Molly, the daughter, who is going to organise it all. She decides who should buy things and says what y'all volition need them for.

Card 2����� � Sally, the assistant who serves yous in the store you lot choose.

Card Three�IV � Bob and Rob, boys who will buy heavy things in the shop.

CardV-X� - Nelly, Kelly, Dolly, Polly, Lilly, Tilly, tree pairs of students who walk around the supermarket and discuss what they take to purchase.

Menu XI���� � Penny, the cashier at the till.

WRITING

Do 1

Learn the spelling of the italicized words from Introductory Reading and the words from exercise ane on page 120. Prepare to write a dictation.

Exercise 2

Translate into English in writing.

A.

�� ������ �������� � ����� ����� �����. �� ��� ������ � ���� ���������! �� ���� ������ � ������� � ������ � �������� � ����������� ������� � ����� �������, ������� ����� �� ����� �� ���������� �����, ���� �� �� ��� ��� ��


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